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Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Tool

A sexually transmitted infection (STI) is an infection that’s spread through sexual contact (oral, vaginal or anal). Any type of sexual contact or activity involves some risk. STIs can negatively affect a person’s sexual and reproductive health. Many people who have an STI don’t have symptoms, and don’t even realize they are passing on an STI to their partner. Safer sex practices can reduce a person’s risk. Getting tested is an important part of staying healthy. The rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea are highest in the 15-24 year old age group.

Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a serious bacterial infection spread through unprotected sexual contact. Up to 90% of people with Chlamydia don’t have symptoms. If left untreated, it can cause serious, long-term effects. Chlamydia is treated with antibiotics.

Genital Herpes

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) can cause one or more blisters around the genitals, rectum or mouth. It’s spread through intimate skin-to-skin contact or sexual intercourse. There’s no cure, but medication can help.

HPV

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is spread through sexual contact. There are more than 100 strains. Most aren’t harmful, but some can cause genital warts and even some types of cancer. A vaccine is available for males and females.

Trichomoniasis

AKA Trich, is caused by a parasite commonly found in the vagina and urethra. It’s spread through sexual intercourse. Many don’t show symptoms; some have burning when they urinate and itchy genitals. It’s treated with antibiotics.

Gonorrhea

Gonorrhea is spread through unprotected sexual contact. Many people have no symptoms while others have discharge from the penis or vagina, or burning when urinating (peeing). Gonorrhea is treated with antibiotics.

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is spread through direct contact with body fluids (blood, semen, vaginal fluids, etc.). Infections can occur if body fluids containing blood are in contact with mucous membranes or fresh cuts. Most recover. In rare cases, it’s deadly.

Syphilis

Syphilis is spread through unprotected sexual contact. Many people have no symptoms while others have sores on/near their penis, vagina, mouth or rectum. If untreated, it can cause blindness and more. It’s treated with antibiotics.

HIV

HIV is commonly spread through unprotected sexual contact or by sharing needles. HIV makes it hard to fight infections and can lead to AIDS. There’s no cure, but if found early and given treatment, people can stay healthy for a long time.

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This resource has been approved by the Minister of Education and Childcare for use in Alberta classrooms to meet the following learning outcomes:

Grade 6 Physical Education and Wellness – Students investigate human reproduction from fertilization to birth.
Grade 8 Health and Life Skills – W-8.13 Students describe symptoms, effects, treatments and prevention for common sexually transmitted diseases; i.e., chlamydia, HPV, herpes, gonorrhea, hepatitis B/C, HIV.
Grade 9 Health and Life Skills – W-9.12 Students determine “safer” sex practices; e.g., communicate with partner, maintain abstinence, limit partners, access/use condoms/ contraceptives properly.
Grades 10-12 Career and Life Management – Students examine aspects of healthy sexuality and responsible sexual behaviour.

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