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As a parent, you know the importance of understanding your child and their development. Here, you can find information about all the developmental milestones–physical, sexual, emotional, cognitive and social–from birth up to 18 years of age. This includes what your child should know at different ages and how you can help them with that learning.

Differing Abilities

Children with disabilities may develop earlier or later due to their disability or condition. Learn more about your child’s development and unique learning needs.

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Birth to 2 Years

Find out what your child is experiencing in these first few years and how you can help them begin to understand their bodies and emotions. 

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3- and 4-Year Olds

As your child enters the preschool years, learn how to teach them about body parts and functions. They also need to learn “private” and “public” and how babies are made.

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5- and 6-Year Olds

Understand your child’s development. Key topics to discuss are body parts and functions, proper names for genitals and how reproduction works. 

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7-, 8- and 9-Year Olds

As your child starts getting information from different places, it’s important to correct any misinformation. Discussing topics such as menstruation, puberty and reproduction in terms they will understand is also a key part of this age. 

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10-, 11- and 12-Year Olds

Understand what your child is experiencing as puberty approaches. Key topics such as menstruation, STIs, pregnancy and how sexuality is portrayed in the media are also discussed.

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13-, 14- and 15-Year Olds

Understand how your teen is maturing. Learn what they need to know about key topics such as birth control, STIs, safer sex, consent, pregnancy, relationships, responsible sexual behaviour and more. 

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16-, 17- and 18-Year Olds

Continue to provide support and guidance for your teen. Birth control, STIs, safer sex, consent, pregnancy, relationships and responsible sexual behaviour are important topics to discuss with them.

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